Eczema is a group of conditions that cause the skin to become dry, itchy, and inflamed. The skin's protective barrier is weak, letting moisture escape and irritants get in. Your genes and immune system are usually involved, and sometimes environmental factors can trigger flare-ups.

Eczema symptoms include redness, rough or dry patches, small bumps, or cracking. Many people notice that symptoms worsen with allergens, soaps, or fragrances. Temperature changes, sweat, stress, or infections can also trigger or worsen it.

Eczema is chronic, so it can last for years. Flare-ups come and go, and some can be worse than others. Knowing your triggers is a key part of managing eczema. With proper care, most people can reduce symptoms and improve their skin’s health.

Eczema isn’t one single condition. There are many types of dry skin conditions. Each type has different causes and triggers. Knowing the type you have can help guide effective care.

Atopic dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis is the most common form of eczema. It usually begins in childhood but can occur at any age. It’s linked to an overactive immune system and a weak skin barrier.

People with asthma, allergies, or hay fever are more likely to develop it. Symptoms often appear in cycles of flare-ups and calmer periods.

Triggers can include genetics, allergens, cold or dry weather, fragrances, and harsh soaps.

Contact dermatitis

Contact dermatitis happens when something on your skin causes irritation or an allergic reaction. It comes in two different types:

• Irritant contact dermatitis happens when harsh substances damage your skin. These can include detergents, cleaning products, or repeated hand-washing. This can cause dryness, redness, and irritation, usually right where your skin touches the irritant.
• Allergic contact dermatitis happens when your immune system reacts to something on your skin. This can include many things, such as fragrances, nickel, adhesives, or certain plants. Skin allergy symptoms can include redness, burning, itching, or blisters where it touches your skin.

Our goal is to help calm symptoms and repair your skin barrier. We also work to prevent flare-ups. We build a care plan based on your symptoms, triggers, and type of eczema.

Allergy testing is less common in these cases, but it may be part of the evaluation. We offer a range of tests and treatments to help you protect your skin long-term:

• Allergy testing: Skin tests, blood tests, or patch tests may help discover if an allergen is triggering your eczema. Your doctor can use the results to suggest changes to your environment, skin care, or daily habits to help prevent flare-ups.
• Medicines: Creams and ointments help reduce redness and itching and repair the skin barrier. 
• Biologics: For moderate to severe atopic dermatitis, biologic medicines may be an option when other therapies haven't worked. These targeted treatments help calm your immune system and reduce symptoms.