Migraines are more than just headaches—they’re a complex neurological condition that can significantly impact one's quality of life.
Migraines are characterized by intense throbbing pain, often on one side of the head. They can be accompanied by other symptoms such as nausea, sensitivity to light and sound and visual disturbances.
While there's no cure, understanding what could trigger a migraine and learning how to manage them can reduce their effects.
Carilion Clinic neurologist, Vadim Dushkin, MD, shares tips on how to manage migraines effectively:
1. Identify Triggers
Migraine triggers can vary widely from person to person and may include:
- Stress
- Hormonal changes
- Dehydration
- Lack of sleep
- Environmental factors like bright lights or strong odors
- Certain foods like aged cheeses, processed meats and caffeine
Keep a migraine diary to pinpoint your specific triggers. This can help you to avoid or minimize them in the future.
2. Maintain a Consistent Routine
Establish a regular routine for sleeping, eating and exercising. This can help stabilize your body's internal clock and reduce the likelihood of migraines. Avoid skipping meals or drastically changing your sleep schedule.
3. Stay Hydrated
Dehydration can make migraine symptoms worse, so it's essential to stay hydrated throughout the day. Drink plenty of water and limit your intake of caffeinated and alcoholic beverages, which can contribute to dehydration.
What To Do When a Migraine Strikes
Relaxation techniques can relieve symptoms, promote a sense of calm and help alleviate tension. If you have a migraine, practice stress-reduction techniques such as:
- Deep breathing
- Meditation
- Yoga
- Gentle massage
- Lay down in a dark, quiet room
- Apply a cold compress to your forehead or neck
Experiment with different relaxation methods to find what works best for you.
“If migraines significantly impact your life despite self-care efforts, call your doctor,” says Dr. Dushkin. “They can help diagnose your condition, prescribe appropriate medications and recommend treatment options if needed.”
