What Are Blood Clots?
Blood clots form when blood thickens and clumps together, which can block circulation. When clots happen in deep veins—often in the legs—it’s called deep vein thrombosis (DVT). While DVT generally isn’t serious on its own, the clot can break free and travel to the lungs, causing a life-threatening pulmonary embolism (PE).
Why Does Travel Increase Your Risk?
“Sitting for long periods causes low blood circulation, particularly in the lower legs,” explains Jonathan M. Barrett, MD, Carilion Clinic Family Medicine. “Limited leg movement in cramped spaces, dehydration and changes in cabin pressure and oxygen levels during flights also add to the risk.”
Anyone can get a blood clot, but some are more at risk, including:
- Those with a history of DVT or PE
- People over 60
- Pregnant individuals or those who recently gave birth
- People with obesity
- Anyone on birth control pills or hormone therapy
- Those with certain genetic blood-clotting disorders
Signs To Watch Out For
DVT symptoms (clot in the leg):
- Swelling in one leg
- Pain or tenderness (feels like a cramp)
- Warmth or redness in the affected area
Signs of a PE (clot in the lung):
- Sudden shortness of breath
- Chest pain that gets worse when you breathe in
- Fast heartbeat
- Feeling lightheaded or fainting
Early detection and treatment are crucial for preventing complications. If you experience any of these symptoms, seek medical help immediately.
How To Prevent Blood Clots While Traveling
The good news? Preventing travel-related blood clots is easy with these simple methods:
1. Get Moving
- On flights or long drives, stand up and stretch every few hours
- “If you can’t get up, exercise calf muscles and stretch while sitting,” suggests Dr. Barrett. “Try ‘pumping’ your calves by raising and lowering your toes while keeping your heels on the floor.”
- Drink plenty of water before and during your trip
- Avoid too much alcohol and caffeine since they can dehydrate you
3. Wear Compression Socks
- These special socks help improve circulation and reduce swelling
- Dr. Barrett recommends everyone wear compression socks on flights over 5 hours. This is especially important if you’re at higher risk for blood clots
4. Dress Comfortably
- Skip tight clothing that might restrict blood flow, especially around the waist and legs
5. Consider Medication
- If you have a history of blood clots or other risk factors, talk to your doctor about taking blood thinners before long trips
6. Elevate Your Legs When Possible
- If you have extra space (lucky you!), prop up your feet to help circulation
If you develop symptoms of DVT or PE during or after travel, seek immediate medical attention at your nearest Emergency Department.
