What is Low Testosterone?
Testosterone is a key hormone for men, influencing muscle mass, mood and more.
Low testosterone, or “low T,” happens when your body doesn't produce enough testosterone. This condition can affect males of any age. “It's normal for testosterone levels to drop a bit as you age, but a big decrease can cause problems,” says Carilion Clinic family physician and department Vice-Chair Mark Greenawald, MD.
Causes of Low Testosterone
- Aging: After 30, testosterone levels tend to drop about 1% each year.
- Medical Conditions: Obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome and other conditions can lower testosterone.
- Injuries or Infections: Damage to the testicles can reduce testosterone production.
- Chronic Illnesses: Diseases like cirrhosis of the liver, kidney disease or HIV/AIDS can affect hormone levels.
- Medications: Some medications, including opioids and steroids, can interfere with testosterone.
- Lifestyle: Poor diet, lack of exercise, too much alcohol and stress can all impact testosterone levels.
Symptoms of Low T
Low testosterone can affect your body and mind. Common signs include:
- Low sex drive
- Erectile dysfunction (trouble getting or keeping an erection)
- Loss of body hair
- Tiredness
- Mood swings and depression
- Decreased muscle mass and strength
- Weight gain (especially around your belly)
- Cognitive issues (trouble focusing and remembering things)
Diagnosis
To find out if you have low T, your physician will do a physical exam and ask about your symptoms. They’ll also test your blood to check your testosterone levels. This is usually done in the morning when levels are highest. There may be other reasons for your symptoms that your clinician will explore with you as well.
Treatment Options
“If you have low testosterone, it can significantly impact your life,” says Dr. Greenawald. “But the good news is there are treatments available.” These treatments include:
- Lifestyle Changes: Eat better, exercise more, reduce stress, lose weight if relevant and get enough sleep.
- Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT): Injections, patches, gels or implants can help boost your testosterone. These can have dangerous side effects, so it's important to weigh the risks and benefits with your physician.
- Treat Underlying Conditions: Address any medical issues that might be lowering your testosterone.
If you think you have low testosterone, reach out to your primary care physician. They can guide you toward the right solutions to help you feel your best. Remember, taking action today can lead to a healthier tomorrow.
