Colorectal cancer used to be thought of as something that mostly affected older adults. But that’s changing. The American Cancer Society reports that people in their 20s, 30s, and 40s are being diagnosed more than ever before, with cases rising steadily over the past couple of decades.
But that doesn’t mean you need to panic, just pay attention. Colorectal cancer is often preventable, and when it’s found early, it’s very treatable.
Why are more young people getting colorectal cancer?
There isn’t just one clear reason, but several lifestyle factors may be contributing, including:
- Eating more processed and red meats
- Not getting enough fiber
- Sitting more and moving less
- Higher rates of obesity
Family history also plays a role in individual risk.
Colorectal cancer warning signs to watch for
Colorectal cancer doesn’t always cause symptoms right away. But when it does, common signs include:
- Blood in your stool
- Ongoing diarrhea or constipation
- Stools that look thinner than usual
- Frequent stomach pain, cramping, or bloating
- Feeling like you still need to go after using the bathroom
- Unexplained weight loss
- Feeling tired all the time
“These symptoms don’t always mean cancer,” notes Mark Ringold, MD, with Carilion Clinic Gastroenterology. “Many less serious conditions can cause them. But if something doesn’t go away after a few weeks, it’s worth being examined.”
How to lower your colorectal cancer risk
Some risk factors, like family history, are out of your control. But a few healthy habits can go a long way toward lowering your risk.
- Eat more fiber
Fiber helps keep your digestive system moving and healthy. Try to include more:
- Fruits
- Vegetables
- Whole grains
- Beans
- Cut back on processed meats
Foods like bacon, sausage, and deli meats have all been linked to higher rates of colorectal cancer.
- Get moving
Regular physical activity helps lower cancer risk and keeps your digestive system working well. Even simple activities like walking several days per week can help.
- Maintain a healthy weight
Being overweight increases the risk of colorectal cancer. Small, steady changes—like improving your diet and activity level—can help lower that risk.
- Don’t smoke, and limit alcohol
Smoking increases the risk of many cancers, including colorectal cancer. Drinking too much alcohol can also raise your risk.
- Get screened
“Screening can find polyps, or precancerous growths, before they turn into cancer or catch cancer early when it’s easier to treat,” explains Dr. Ringold.
Because more young people are being diagnosed, the recommended age to begin screening has been lowered to 45. If you have a family history of colorectal cancer or other risk factors, you may need to start screening earlier.
- Trust your instincts
You’re never too young to pay attention to symptoms. If something feels off—especially bleeding, ongoing stomach issues, or unexplained fatigue—make that doctor’s appointment.
If you have questions, are experiencing concerning symptoms, or it’s time to start screening, reach out to your family doctor.
